More American mothers than ever are working, and more workers are mothers. Yet their march into the world of paid work continues to cause suspicion. One recent survey found that 48 percent of Americans believe that preschoolers suffer if their mothers work, while another found that 42 percent of employed parents think that working mothers care more about succeeding at work than meeting their children's needs.

All mothers deserve our support--those who care for children at home and those who have joined the work force. But many working mothers continue to believe that they are shortchanging (少找钱)their children. They shouldn't. Research tells us that kids do just fine when mothers work.

Suzanne Bianchi a scientist of the University of Maryland, has found that mothers today spend as much if not more time with their children than they did in 1965, even though the percentage of mothers who work rose from 35 percent to 71 percent. Then there are the obvious financial benefits. For many children, these earnings are the difference between living in poverty—or out of it.

The kids are all right. Studies conducted by the University of Michigan have consistently demonstrated that a child's social or academic competence does not depend on whether a mother is employed. In my research four out of five children (nine out of ten in single parent families) told me that having a working mother was their preferred arrangement. My study found that children with working mothers are no more likely to drop out, take drugs, break the law, or experiment with sex prematurely than children with non-employed mothers. Children have taken their mothers' example to heart. Ninety percent of the young women I interviewed said they hoped to combine work with motherhood, while two-thirds of the men said they wanted to share parenting and work.

Sadly, children support working mothers more than we do as a society. Parental leave and child-care benefits in the United States remain inadequate, particularly when compared to what's offered in other countries. Children thrive when their mothers have satisfying, well-paid jobs when they can count on other caretakers to share the load. The challenge facing us is thus not whether good workers can also be good mothers, but whether we can create the conditions that enable working mothers and fathers to be good parents.

From the first paragraph, we can see that ______.

A．now more American mothers are working than any time in American history and anywhere else in the world

B．more than half Americans think that before going to school, children need their mothers' whole-hearted care

C．a majority of Americans believe that once working outside home mothers think of their own work more than their children

D．more American mothers work than ever before, but this problem of working mothers has not been solved satisfactorily

“Home, sweet home” is a phrase that express an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home _____1_____ has great importance for many people.
This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house _____2_____ for one？s family, and started a farm. These small households were _____3_____portraits of independence: the entire family- mother, father, children,even grandparents-live in a small house and working together to _____4_____support each other. Anyone understood the life-and-death importance _____5_____ of family cooperation and hard work. Although most people in theUnited States no longer live on farms, but the ideal of home ownership _____6_____ is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth.
When U.S. soldiers came home before World WarⅡ, for example, _____7_____ they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was _____8_____ a tremendous boom in home building. The new houses, typically inthe suburbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied _____9_____ a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of their _____10_____ way of life.


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As a mother, she is too ______ towards her daughter, she should let her see more of the world.
A．hopeful
B．protective
C．modest
D．confident

The younger the child, the more readily the mother gives in to his demands to avoid ______ him.
A．disappointing
B．to disappoint
C．disappoint
D．to have disappointed

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Questions 16～20 are based on the following passage． As a wise man once said，we are all ultimately alone． But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age． This isn’t the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations，but a fact of Europe’s new economic landscape，embraced by sociologists，real-estate developers and ad executives alike． The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle，observes a French sociologist，is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism”over the last century． The communications revolution，the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on （扰乱）Europeans’ private lives.．Europe’s new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence．The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europe’s shift from social democracy to the sharper，more individualistic climate of American style. capitalism．Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice，today’s tech-savvy （精通技术的）workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics．Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone，and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so．Once upon a time，people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage-twenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens．While pensioners，particularly elderly women，make up a large proportion of those living alone，the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle. choice．Living alone was conceived to be negative-dark and cold，while being together suggested warmth and light.．But then came along the idea of singles．They were young，beautiful，strong! Now，young people want to live alone．The booming economy means people are working harder than ever．And that doesn’t leave much room for relationships．Pimpi Arroyo，a 35-year-old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris，says he hasn’t got time to get lonely because he has too much work．“I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult.．Only an Ideal Woman would make him change his lifestyle，he says.．Kaufmann，author of a recent book called “The Single Woman and Prince Charming，”thinks this fierce new individualism means that people expect more and more of mates，so relationships don’t last long-if they start at all．Eppendorf，a blond Berliner with a deep tan，teaches grade school in the mornings．In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps，resting up for going dancing．Just shy of 50，she says she’d never have wanted to do what her mother did-give up a career to raise a family．Instead，“I’ve always done what I wanted to do： live a self-determined life．
第16题：More and more young Europeans remain single because （）．
A．they are driven by an overwhelming sense of individualism
B．they have entered the workforce at a much earlier age
C．they have embraced a business culture of stability
D．they are pessimistic about their economic future


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There is an old saying that husbands and wives start to look and behave like each other after a time. I don't know if this was true of my mother and father.Both of my parents had brown hair and brown eyes and low voices. My father,(), was eight years older than my mother andtaller and thinner. He was built as straight as an arrow. My mother was shorter and had a rounder and fuller face and she looked as soft as a pillow.

My mother was quieter and talked less than my father did. She was also a much more patient person than my father. My father was more experienced in life. He was () to doing everything quickly. My mother, on the other hand, worked and spoke more slowly.

They were fond of nature and sports, such as walking, gardening and swimming. They were both () in reading and music, but my father preferred history books, while my mother liked to read romantic novels. In music, their types were similar, and they were never proud of listening to it. Most of the time they were in agreement on bringing () their children.They both believed in giving them love and neither one believed in punishing them physically. At times, their personalities were very much alike, but at other times, they seemed very (). Perhaps that is why none of their children knows which parent he looks or behaves like.

1.

A.however

B.interested

C.up

D.used

E.different

2.

A.however

B.interested

C.up

D.used

E.different

3.

A.however

B.interested

C.up

D.used

E.different

4.

A.however

B.interested

C.up

D.used

E.different

5.

A.however

B.interested

C.up

D.used

E.different

Mary has just returned to the USA after studying in England far three years. She decided to study at a British university rather than an American one because her mother is from England and she wanted to get to know her mother，s family better. She studied English Literature at Goldsmiths’College，which is in London. She lived with her grandmother while she was studying. The college was recommended by a friend's brother
who had studied in England for his MBA. Mary told her friends that she was going to return to Europe to work because she had enjoyed her time in England so much.
1. Mary is now in___
A.England
B.the USA
C.France
2. She studied at___untverstty.
A.a British
B.an American
C.a Chinese
3. Mast probably, her grandmother_________
A. worked in the college
B. studied English Literature
C. lived in London
4. Her friend's brother recommended her to________
A. study for her MBA
B. study in the college
C. work for his company
5. Mary would return to Europe to_.
A. study
B. spend her holiday
C. work

英译汉 Drinking habits vary widely among Americans. Some families never serve any drinks, others have them before dinner, or perhaps after dinner. You are more likely to be offered a cocktail before dinner than wine with the meal. If you do not get used to American cocktails, you can ask for something else. Moreover, drinks may be poured over ice.

Chinese Americans today have higher incomes than Americans in general and higher occupational status. The Chinese have risen to this position despite some of the harshest discrimination and violence faced by any immigrants to the United States in the history of this country. Long confined to a narrow range of occupations, they succeeded in those occupations and then spread out into other areas in later years, when opportunities finally opened up for them. Today much of the Chinese prosperity is due to the simple fact that they work more and have more (usually better) education than others. Almost one out of five Chinese families has three or more income earners compared to one out of thirteen for Puerto Ricans, one out of ten among American Indians, and one out of eight among Whites. When the Chinese advantages in working and educational are held constant, they have no advantage over other Americans. That is in a Chinese Family with a given number of people working and with a given amount of education by the head of the family; the income is not only about average for such families, but offer a little less than average.
While Chinese Americans as a group are prosperous and well-educated Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, and illiteracy is much higher among the Chinese than among Americans in general. Those paradoxes are due to sharp internal differences. Descendants of the Chinese Americans who emigrated long ago from Toishan Province have maintained Chinese values and have added acculturation to American society with remarkable success. More recent Hong Kong Chinese are from more diverse cultural origins, and acquired western values and styles in Hong Kong, without having acquired the skills to proper and support those aspirations in the American economy. Foreign- born Chinese men in the United States earn one-fourth lower incomes than native-born Chinese even though the foreign-born have been in the United States an average of seventeen years. While the older Hong Kong Chinese work tenaciously to sustain and advance themselves, the Hong Kong Chinese youths often react with resentment and antisocial behavior, including terrorism and murder. The need to maintain tourism in Chinatown causes the Chinese leaders to mute or downplay these problems as much as possible.
According to the passage, today, Chinese Americans owe their prosperity to ______.
A．their diligence and better education than others
B．their support of American government
C．their fight against discriminations
D．advantages in working only

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Mystery novels sell thousands of copies each year. And many【C1】______count Agatha Christie among their favorite authors. Christie was born in September【C2】______1890 in England. When she was【C3】______up, her mother often told her stories. Christie loved these【C4】______that took her into a world of fantasy. Christie s mother also encouraged her to write from a【C5】______age. At 16, Christie went to a school in Paris to study piano and singing. She learned to play the piano very well. But she【C6】______made music a career because of stage fright. At 22, she fell in love with Archie Christie. They【C7】______married in 1914 at the beginning of World War I. During the war, Christie wrote her first detective story: The Mysterious Affair at Styles. She chose the crime, and then【C8】______a detective named Hercule Poirot to solve it. She sent the book to a publisher, 【C9】______it was rejected. After the war ended, Christie sent her book to more publishers and finally in 1920, one【C10】______it. She earned just ￡25 for it. Over the next few years, Christie wrote more books and short stories, gaining experience as a writer.
【C1】
A．books
B．readers
C．lovers
D．writers

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