Although only of __________ intelligence, he speaks four languages fluently.

_______ more than one hundred elements are known, only twenty－five of them are common and important.

Although Tom is only seven years old, he still needs to buy a ticket.()

The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia， ________ it is not technically legal there.
A. if
B. otherwise
C. although
D. unless

英译中 Both language and culture are learned by children without special organized programs of instruction, but motivation to learn is very high since language is the most effective means for a child to obtain what he or she wants. If the learning of a new language begins before lower adolescence, one is likely to be able to speak such a language with complete naturalness, but if learned after upper adolescence some hangover of a mother-tongue feature is very likely to persist. But not only do languages exhibit such learning patterns, but so do cultural traits, for example, shaking hands, kissing, and embracing.
Although many persons assume that languages exist in dictionaries and grammars, in fact they only exist in people's heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a they only exist in people's heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a person's value system when crucial decisions need to be made before there is any time to think about alternatives, for example, diving into a flooding stream to rescue a drowning child.

It seems the young Albert Einstein was never exactly an ordinary child. When he was given a c______ at the age of five, it ignited his i______ . Not only was the young Albert passionately c______, he was also remarkably p______ and would not easily give up on a problem. Albert's development was also s______ by the company of intelligent adults such as an uncle of his who was an engineer and a medical student who was a friend of the family. Einstein was i______ to take up mathematics by Euclidean geometry. His true g______ lay in his ability to express c______ ideas in simple language. By the age of twenty-six Einstein had already produced his most famous work, although he never stopped looking for answers.

The Nobel Prizes are awards that are given each year for special things that people or groups of people have achieved. They are awarded in six【C1】______: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, peace and economics. The prizes come from【C2】______that was created by the Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel. He wanted to use some of his money to help make the world a【C3】______place to live in. Many organizations, chosen by Alfred Nobel himself, 【C4】______who receives the prizes. Each award【C5】______a gold medal, a diploma and a lot of money. Prizes can only be given to【C6】______of all races, countries and religions. Only the Peace Prize can【C7】______be given to a group. The first Nobel Prizes were handed out【C8】______December 10, 1901—five years after Alfred Nobels death. Nobel was a chemist, engineer and inventor【C9】______most famous invention, dynamite(炸药), made him a【C10】______man. Although he gave the world such a【C11】______weapon, Nobel was always against wars and【C12】______He therefore left a lot of money that was to go to those who did a lot for the peace of【C13】______ Officials at first handed out only five prizes a year. The prize for economics was first awarded in 1969. In some【C14】______prizes were not awarded because there were no【C15】______candidates. All prizes are presented in Stockholm, Sweden, with the exception of the Peace Prize, which is awarded in Oslo, Norway.
【C1】
A．parts
B．areas
C．regions
D．classes

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Brazil has become one of the developing world' s great successes at reducing population growth but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to【61】birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.
Brazil' s population growth【62】has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960【63】1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this【64】may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.
Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗电视连续剧)and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect,【65】in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world's biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil' s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based【66】wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
"Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values--not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working," says Martine "They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and【67】people conscious of other patterns of behavior. and other【68】, which were put into a very attractive pack- age. "Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to【69】the poor to become consumers. "This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and【70】was incompatible'(不相容的)with un- limited reproduction," says Martine.
(41)
A．increase
B．reduce
C．extend
D．improve

听力原文： For many years, T-shirts were short sleeved undershirts only for men and boys. T-shirts used to be of one color—white. And since they were worn under shirts, they were generally not seen.
Today things have changed a lot. T-shirts has become colorful and fashionable. It can be seen almost everywhere and on everyone. Women and children wear T-shirts as well as teenagers, university students and men from all walks of life. T-shirts are worn on the playground, on the beach or in town. They can also be worn for work. Because the T-shirts are relatively inexpensive, smart, comfortable and convenient to wear, they have become one of the newest ideas in fashion over the world.
Although T-shirts are now available in a wide variety of bright materials and styles, the most popular kind is the traditional cotton T-shirts with a slogan or a picture printed on the front. A T-shirt may bear a single word, a popular phrase, pictures of sportsmen, or an advertisement. As T-shirts are becoming more and more popular, new designs are coming up all the time.
When do people usually wear T-shirts？
A．When they take part in sports.
B．When they watch a film.
C．When they go shopping.
D．When they read a book.

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Passage 2 A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than i
Passage 2
A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art. (78) In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective(主观的): it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly “political” artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May, 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its abuse (滥用) of power over people.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues (雕像) are not holy.
6. More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history because ___.
A. art history shows us nothing but the political values
B. general history only focuses on politics
C. art history gives us an insight (洞察力) into the essential qualities of a time and a place
D. general history concerns only religious beliefs, emotions and psychology


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The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There are several practical reasons why bricks be came important to the colony.
Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone was also in short sup ply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitably that the colonists would turn to brickmaking.
In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, James town would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed to comply fully with the law; and by 1699 Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four houses where people could stay.
What is the subject of this passage？
A．The reasons for brickmaking in Jamestown.
B．The cause of the failure of Jamestown.
C．The laws of the Virginia colonists.
D．The problems of the early American colonies.