Passage Two I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still r

Passage Two

I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the victory celebrations in the small town where I lived on the day when the war in Europe ended. We had not suffered much from the war there. But both at home and at school I had become accustomed to the phrases "before the war" and "when the war's over". "Before the war", apparently, things had been better, though I was too young to understand why, except that there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice -cream and bananas, which I had only heard of . When the war was over we would go back to London, but this meant little to me. I did not remember what London was like.

What I remember now about VE (Victory in Europe) Day was the May evening. After dinner I said I wanted to see the bonfire (大火堆) , so when it got dark my father took me to the end of the street. The bonfire was very high, and somehow people had collected some old clothes to dress the un- mistakable figure with the moustache (胡子) they had to put on top of it. Just as we arrived, they set light to it. The flames rose and soon swallowed the "guy". Everyone was cheering and shouting, and an old woman came out of her house with two chairs and threw them on the fire to keep it going.

I stood beside my father until the fire started to go down, not knowing what to say. He said nothing, either. He had fought in the First World War and may have been remembering the end of that. At last he said, "Well, that's it, son. Let's hope that this time it really will be the last one."

40. Where did the author live before the Second World War？

A. In London.

B. In a small town.

C. In Europe.

D. In the countryside.

Anna is our only daughter. My wife and I have two sons, and Anna is the youngest in the family, but she's twenty-five now. Anna was not well when she was little. It was a very worrying time and she stayed at home a lot. She was seen first by the local doctors, and then she was sent to a specialist in Cardiff where she was diagnosed as diabetic. It was my wife who mainly took care of her then. I am not very good at looking after little children. I suppose I am a bit traditional in that way. But when she grew up a bit, we spent a lot of time together. We loved walking and talking and discussing life. We still love it today. We get on very well. Although she looks like me (tall, dark hair, dark eyes and dark skin), she takes after her mother: she is artistic and musical, and like her mother she's attractive. She loves looking after animals - she has two dogs, three cats and a goat. She lives in a little house in the country. I like animals too. I like riding and hunting, but Anna hates hunting. She thinks it's cruel. We discuss it a lot. She is quiet and a bit shy with strangers. I am more outgoing and I love meeting new people. But she's not boring - actually, she's very funny. She always has lots of stories of her life in the country. She's an art and music teacher in a little village school. She is very good-natured. Anna says we brought her up well, and she's going to bring her children up to be honest and loyal. But I think she was easy to bring up. I don't remember ever telling her off.
1.According to the passage, when Anna was a child, she ().
2. It can be inferred from the passage the author thinks looking after little children is ().
3. What does 'take after' mean in the first sentence of Para. 2？
4. My daughter and I have little in common in terms of ().
5. From the passage, we can see the author's description of his daughter is ().
(1).A、got an illness
B、was very queer
C、didn't look like the author
(2).A、his advantage
B、mainly a woman's responsibility
C、really enjoyable
(3).A、look after
B、be different from
C、look like
(4).A、loving walking and talking
B、character
C、loving animals
(5).A、affectionate
B、humorous
C、critical

请帮忙给出正确答案和分析，谢谢！

I'm Michael Bush, Managing Director of Hoogle Engineering. I am pleased to welcome you here to our website and I'd like to tell you a little about the company and its organization. Hoogle Engineering

I'm Michael Bush, Managing Director of Hoogle Engineering. I am pleased to welcome you here to our website and I'd like to tell you a little about the company and its organization. Hoogle Engineering was set up in 1960. It was divided into several departments at that time, such as the sales department, marketing department, and production department. Lots of managers were employed to manage it all.

Fortunately things are different now. Sixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the business. The market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwide, not just locally.

But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each other. We had a tall structure. Traditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floor, manufacturing products according to the instructions which they were given. Then you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them every day. Then you moved up to the middle management, who were doing the tasks of getting new business, and then you had the senior management team, and then you had the board, who decided the business strategy. So there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually.

The structure today is that we form. teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a product. Each team has members that can manufacture different products. The actual teams now are self-managing, so we don't even have team leaders. You've got the teams, and then you've got two people, only two people, who are what you think of as management. This is generally called flat structure.

21. Hoogle Engineering was set up in().

A. the nineteenth century

B. the twentieth century

C. the twenty first century

22. There are many different()of management in a tall structure.

A. kinds

B. levels

C. functions

23. People in a flat structure usually work in().

A. departments

B. families

C. teams

24. All of the following statements are true according to the passage EXCEPT that().

A. communication in the company is becoming more and more important

B. the author thinks the two structures have the same functions

C. there are more individual responsibilities in the flat structure

25. The best title for the passage is().

A. Organization Structure in Hoogle Engineering

B. History of Hoogle Engineering

C. Success in Hoogle engineering

Passage Two “One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was
Passage Two
“One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger，”says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.
By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.
In her study, participants were randomly (随机地)assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine (尼古丁)patches before they quit, in addition to a second form. of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.
Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it—more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.
And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they&39;d rather cut down gradually before quitting.“If you&39;re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think,‘ Well， if I gradually reduce, it&39;s like practice，&39;”says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn&39;t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings (瘾)and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. “Regardless of your stated preference, if you&39;re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective,”says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. “When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that&39;s compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it，”Ferreira says.
People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.
What does Lindson-Hawley say about her mother？
A.She quit smoking with her daughter’s help
B.She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly
C.She was also a researcher of tobacco and health
D.She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers
How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley's experiment？A.It is idealized
B.It is unexpected
C.It is encouraging
D.It is misleading
What happens when people try to quit smoking gradually？A.They find it even more difficult
B.They are simply unable to make it
C.They show fewer withdrawal symptoms
D.They feel much less pain in the process
What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley’s study？A.They were given physical training
B.They were looked after by physicians
C.They were encouraged by psychologists
D.They were offered nicotine replacements
The idea of “a marathon”(Line 2, Para.5) illustrates the popular belief that quitting smokingA.is something few can accomplish
B.needs some practice first
C.requires a lot of patience
D.is a challenge at the beginning

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

Passage Two In spring, chickens start laying again, bringing a welcome source of protein
Passage Two
In spring, chickens start laying again, bringing a welcome source of protein at winter’s end. So it’s no surprise that cultures around the world celebrate spring by honoring the egg.
Some traditions are simple, like the red eggs that get baked into Greek Easter breads.Others elevate the egg into a fancy art, like the heavily jewel-covered “eggs” that were favored by the Russians starting in the 19th century.
One ancient form. of egg art comes to us from Ukraine. For centuries, Ukrainians have been drawing complicated patterns on eggs. Contemporary artists have followed this tradition to create eggs that speak to the anxieties of our age: Life is precious, and delicate. Eggs are, too.
“There’s something about their delicate nature that appeals to me,” says New Yorker cartoonist Roz Chast. Several years ago, she became interested in eggs and learned the traditional Ukrainian technique to draw her very modem characters. “I’ve broken eggs at every stage of the process—from the very beginning to the very, very end.”
But there’s an appeal in that vulnerability. “There’s part of this sickening horror of knowing you’re walking on the edge with this, that I kind of like, knowing that it could all fall apart at any second.” Chast’s designs, such as a worried man alone in a tiny rowboat, reflect that delicateness.
Traditional Ukrainian decorated eggs also spoke to those fears. The elaborate patterns were believed to offer protection against evil.
“There’s an ancient legend that as long as these eggs are made, evil will not prevail in the world,” says Joan Brander, a Canadian egg-painter who has been painting eggs for over 60 years, having learned the art from her Ukrainian relatives.
The tradition, dating back to 300 B.C., was later incorporated into the Christian church. The old symbols, however, still endure. A decorated egg with a bird on it, given to a young married couple, is a wish for children. A decorated egg thrown into the field would be a wish for a good harvest.
Why do people in many cultures prize the egg？
A.It is a welcome sign of the coming of spring
B.It is their major source of protein in winter
C.It can easily be made into a work of art
D.It can bring wealth and honor to them
Why have contemporary artists continued the egg art tradition？A.Eggs serve as an enduring symbol of new life
B.Eggs have an oval shape appealing to artists
C.Eggs reflect the anxieties of people today
D.Eggs provide a unique surface to paint on
What do we learn about the decorated “eggs” in Russia？A.They are shaped like jewel cases
B.They are cherished by the rich
C.They are heavily painted in red
D.They are favored as a form of art
Why does Chast enjoy the process of decorating eggs？A.She never knows if the egg will break before the design is completed
B.She can add multiple details to the design to communicate her idea
C.She always derives great pleasure from designing something new
D.She is never sure what the final design will look like until the end
What do we learn from the passage about egg-painting？A.It originated in the eastern part of Europe
B.It has a history of over two thousand years
C.It is the most time-honored form of fancy art
D.It is especially favored as a church decoration

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

According to the passage, DNA fingerprinting can be unreliable when ______ .A．the methods
According to the passage, DNA fingerprinting can be unreliable when ______ .
A．the methods used of blood cell calculation are not accurate
B．two different individuals of the same ethnic group may have the same DNA fingerprinting pattern
C．a match is by chance left with fingerprints that happen to belong to two different individuals
D．two different individuals leave two DNA samples

Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by som
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Only two major American film forms—the slapstick comedy and the western—withstood the effects of foreign influences throughout the 1920's, when the entire film industry, was dominated by the European moviemakers. These forms were already immensely popular all over the world (there was no need to make them more "artistic" by following the latest European fashions), and they were at once too successful and too lowly to warrant such improvements-they were considered "just entertainment." They bore no weighty messages, inspired no cults and no schools of esthetics. But they delighted audiences, both here and abroad, because they were so purely and simply America. Unconsciously, they represented all that was best in America without the slightest trace of intention, of sermonizing. The ingenuity and eternal optimism of the cornices and the cowboys' spirit of adventure as they rode the plains in search of the next frontier were enough to carry the message of the American dream to tired Europeans, to cramped city dwellers, to small boys, to people everywhere.
What did these films promise to European audiences disillusioned and exhausted by World War I？ The humble always triumphed over their powerful adversaries, the weak outwitted the strong and always implied was a future of riches, freedom, and happiness for all. The world of the westerns was a simple place for men with the pioneer virtues of honesty, courage, a taste for adventure, and a quick trigger ginger; the world of the comics was a crazy place, but with a little faith and a little luck, it could be a wonderful place.
These forms were not "improved" because they were______.
A．too successful to need improvement
B．too lowly to warrant improvement
C．too insane to improve artistically
D．both A and B

The worst thing about television and radio is that they entertain us, saving us the trouble of entertaining ourselves.
A hundred years ago, before all these devices were invented, if a person wanted to entertain himself with a song or a piece of music, he would have to do the singing himself or pick up a violin and play it. Now, all he has to do is turn on the radio or TV. As a result, singing and music have declined.
Italians used to sing all the time. Now, they only do it in Hollywood movies, Indian movies are mostly a series of songs and dances trapped around silly stories. As a result, they don't do much singing in Indian villages anymore. Indeed, ever since radio first came to life, there has been a terrible decline in amateur (业余的) singing throughout the world.
There are two reasons for this sad decline. One, human beings are astonishingly lazy. Put a lift in a building, and people would rather take it than climb even two flights of steps. Similarly, invent a machine that sings, and people would rather let the machine sing than sing themselves. The other reason is that people are easily embarrassed. When there is a famous, talented musician readily available by pushing a button, which amateur violinist or pianist would want to try to entertain family or friends by himself？
These earnest reflections came to me recently when two CDs arrived in the mail. They are historic recordings of famous writers reading their own works. It was thrilling to hear the voices from a long dead past in the late 19th century. But today, reading out loud anything is no longer common. Today, we sing songs to our children until they are about two, we read simple books to them till they are about five, and once they have learnt to read themselves, we become deaf. We're alive only to the sound of the TV and the stereo (立体声音响).
I count myself extremely lucky to have been born before TV became so common: I was about six before TV appeared. To keep us entertained my mother had to do a good deal of singing and tell us endless tales. It was the same in many other homes. People spoke a language; they sang it, they recited it; it was something they could feel.
Professional actors' performance is extraordinarily revealing. But I still prefer my own reading, because it's mine. For the same reason, people find karaoke (卡拉OK) liberating. It is almost the only electronic thing that gives them back their own voice. Even if their voices are hopelessly out of tune, at least it is meaningful self-entertainment.
The main idea of this passage is that ______.
A．TV and radio can amuse us with beautiful songs and music
B．TV and radio prevent us from self-entertainment
C．people should sing songs and read books aloud themselves
D．parents should sing songs and read books aloud to their children

The passage tells us that ______.A．HIV was found more than two years earlier than AIDS was
The passage tells us that ______.
A．HIV was found more than two years earlier than AIDS was identified
B．people know a little more about HIV than about most other viruses
C．AIDS continues to rage more wildly in Africa than in Asia
D．HIV will mainly affect the poor and minority groups in the U. S.

请帮忙给出正确答案和分析，谢谢！

Which of the following best characterizes Forces of Production as it is described in the passage？
A．A comparison of two interpretations of how a particular industry evolved
B．An examination of the origin of a particular concept in industrial economics
C．A study that points out the weakness of a particular interpretation of an industrial phenomenon
D．A history of a particular industry from an ideological point of view

Passage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage. Yoga induces a feeling
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Yoga induces a feeling of well-being in healthy people, and can reverse the clinical and biochemical changes associated with metabolic syndrome, according to results of studies from Sweden and India. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of heart disease risk factors such as high blood pressure, obesity and high blood sugar.
Dr. R.P. Agrawal, of the SP Medical College, Bikaner, India, and colleagues evaluated the beneficial effects of yoga and meditation in 101 adults with features of metabolic syndrome. In the study, 55 adults received three months of regular yoga including standard postures and Raja Yoga,while the remaining received standard care.
Waist circumference, blood pressure, blood sugar, and triglyceri HDL cholesterol levels were higher in the yoga group as compared joumal Diabetes REsearch and Clinicat Practice.
In the second study, published online December 19 in BioMed Central Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Dr. Anette Kjellgren from the University of Karlstad, Sweden and colleagues evaluated the beneficial effects of yoga-like breathing exercises on healthy volunteers.
55 adults were advised to practice "Sudarshan Kriya," which involves cycles of slow, normal and rapid breathing exercises. The exercises were practiced for an hour daily, six days a week for six weeks, while 48 controls were advised to relax in an armchair for I 5 minutes daily.
At the end of the study period, feelings of anxiety, stress and depression were significantly lower and levels of optimism significantly higher in the yoga group compared to the control group, Kjellgren and colleagues report.
Yoga induces a "relaxation response" associated with reduced nervous system activity and a feeling of well-being probably due to an increase in antioxidants(抗氧化剂) and lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol(应激激素皮质醇 ), they suggest.
Yoga not only helps in prevention of lifestyle. diseases, but can also be "a powerful adjunct therapy when these diseases anse,” co-investigator Dr. Faahri Saatiglou, from the University of Oslo, told Reuters Health. "We do not emphasize this point enough in our Westem health care."
The studies of yoga from Sweden and India have shown that __
A. yoga will make patients recover more quickly
B. yoga can cure cancer gradually
C. yoga will lead the state of being healthy
D. yoga can keep people optimistic


请帮忙给出正确答案和分析，谢谢！

Which statement is NOT true according to this passage()。