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The Thinking Habit That Changed My Life I remember one evening three years ago, when my life was verydifferent. 1 was overweight. I was deeply in debt. I was a smoker. I felthopeless and helpless.I couldn ’t change anything.
Then I looked up at the sky and thought what a miracle life is. And Iresolved to list the good things in my life. I had a wonderful wife. 1 hadfive amazing children. I could sec and appreciate the beauty of the worldaround me. The list went on, but you get the idea. Even when thingsseemed terrible for me, actually I was OK.
That night I resolved to be grateful for what I had, and for the peoplein my life. I started the habit of gratitude. Now many people consider itunimportant. I&39;m here to tell you that it&39;s very important. It changes lives. Now I appreciate my wife Eva more. I feel good about having her inmy life. And we have deepened our relationship. I also appreciate mykids more. Instead of criticizing them, I tend to notice their loveliness,curiosity and humor. to others around me, at work and everywhere else, because insteadof seeing the faults in everyone, I see the good, and am grateful for them. I need less，because instead of thinking about what I don&39;t have, I amgrateful for what I do have. Each and every moment becomes cause forgratitude, and life becomes easier.
Without the habit of gratitude, we tend to complain and see the badin people and things. We can&39;t change that at once, but you can dosomething. For example, you can start with a small action. Really feel thehappiness that something o someone is in your life, or take a moment tomake a list of the things in your life that you&39;re thankful for.
1.I was unhappy with my life three years ago.
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
I drank every day and couldn't stop it.A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
I was unable to support my family.A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
I now try to see the good in others.A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
I am now more strict with my kids.A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
A small action doesn't work to change one ’s bad habit.A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
I like making friends with people around me
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
One evening I came to a new understanding of my life
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
Now I have a closer relationship with my wife
A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
Many people value the habit of gratitude nowadays.A.True
B.False
C.Not Given
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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第1题
Over the past decade,many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors-
Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors-habits-among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.
"There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habit," said Dr. Curtis, the director the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. " We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically. "
The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to-Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever-had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers' lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.
If you look hard enough, you'll find that many of the products we use every day-chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of shrewd advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity- preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.
A few decades ago, many people didn't drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs, and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.
"Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns", said Carol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. "Creating positive habit is a huge part of improving our consumers' lives, and it's essential to making new products commercially viable. "
Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through ruthless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.
According to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand washing with soap______.
A．should be further cultivated
B．should be changed gradually
C．are deeply rooted in history
D．arc basically private concern
Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors-habits-among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.
"There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habit," said Dr. Curtis, the director the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. " We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically. "
The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to-Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever-had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers' lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.
If you look hard enough, you'll find that many of the products we use every day-chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of shrewd advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity- preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.
A few decades ago, many people didn't drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs, and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.
"Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns", said Carol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. "Creating positive habit is a huge part of improving our consumers' lives, and it's essential to making new products commercially viable. "
Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through ruthless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.
According to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand washing with soap______.
A．should be further cultivated
B．should be changed gradually
C．are deeply rooted in history
D．arc basically private concern
第2题
Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education--not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.
"Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual," says education writer Diane Ravitch. "Schools could be a counterbalance. "Ravitch's latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.
But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, "We will become a second rate country. We will have a less civil society."
"Intellect is resented as a form. of power or privilege," writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulizer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.
Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: "We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing. "Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized - going to school and learning to read - so he can preserve his innate goodness.
Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, reorder, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines.
School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who "joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise."
What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school？
A．The habit of thinking independently.
B．Profound knowledge of the world.
C．Practical abilities for future career.
D．The confidence in intellectual pursuits.
"Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual," says education writer Diane Ravitch. "Schools could be a counterbalance. "Ravitch's latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.
But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, "We will become a second rate country. We will have a less civil society."
"Intellect is resented as a form. of power or privilege," writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulizer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.
Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: "We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing. "Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized - going to school and learning to read - so he can preserve his innate goodness.
Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, reorder, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines.
School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who "joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise."
What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school？
A．The habit of thinking independently.
B．Profound knowledge of the world.
C．Practical abilities for future career.
D．The confidence in intellectual pursuits.
第3题
—I’m thinking of buying these new boots. What do you think？rn—_______A、Don’t ask me.B、I
A、Don’t ask m
B、It’s good for you.
C、I’d rather not.
D、Good choic
E、 You need some warm shoes for the winter.
第4题
阅读文章，回答下列各题： "I would tell anyone who' s thinkingabout going back to school that it' s not as difficult as you think," saysKaren Jonaitis, a woman, last year, at 47, earned a bachelor' s degree inbusiness administration at a college. "I realized that I would not move upin my career without a degree. " A generation ago, Jonaitis would have beena rarity(稀罕)incollege. Today about 6 million people aged25 or older are studying in Americaninstitutions of higher learning. Whether they are returning to improve jobskills or for the love of learning, adults no longer see age as a deterrent(障碍).Most people jump at the oppor- tunity to do something new. Some ofthem make changes they' d been thinking about all their lives. Others re- turnto school out of economic necessity. New developments in neuroscience(神经科学)and psychology areconfiring that there are few age limits on how much the brain can absorb and for how long--if you stay active.Continuing to learn keeps us mentally in shapeand able to learn more. On mental tests, experts discovered, half to two-thirdsof the people in their 70s were as intellectually quick as people in their 30s.Those who fell below average tended to be people who had not made a lifelonghabit of reading. They also were less physically active. Many adult students say learning is easierfor them today. They bring different skills to the classroom, and they' reless upset if something goes wrong. They have a real thirst, a real desire tolearn. A life-long habit of reading and physicalactvifies can keep_________________in good condition.
A. our mind
B. our body
C. our age
D. our nerves
请帮忙给出正确答案和分析，谢谢！
A. our mind
B. our body
C. our age
D. our nerves
请帮忙给出正确答案和分析，谢谢！
第5题
Listening to others is an even more important part of communication than speaking. Many more errors and difficulties【C1】______ misunderstanding what you've heard, so it's essential to ready yourself to listen with an open mind. Like many of us, you【C2】______ to listen actively, with.【C3】______ for accuracy, feeling, meaning, understanding and mutual creativity. You may never have been trained to【C4】______ the other person's experience of being understood.【C5】______ you may not【C6】______ that others really hear the message you intend to communicate, others don't check to【C7】______ that what you heard is【C8】______ .
What gets in the way of accurate listening？ When we're worried about what we're hearing or might hear next or what we might have to do about what we hear, we may very well receive a【C9】______ message.【C10】______ that we will have to "fix it" or "control it" causes us to listen with "filters". We may want to express our own point of view. We may also want to avoid being【C11】______ or being drawn into a conflict, so we【C12】______ . what we hear, because we're already thinking about what we'll say next. It then becomes impossible to hear the speaker's true meaning. Clearly in our workplaces, families and friendship, if we【C13】______ what we think we heard instead of what was actually said, the【C14】______ of the message we received will result in responses that aren't【C15】______ . On the other side, if others don't hear us accurately, we won't feel valued.
If you want to connect with others and take appropriate actions, you must learn to listen with curiosity, empathy and a deep appreciation for the feelings, reality and creativity of another. You need to ask for【C16】______ and not【C17】______ conclusions. You need to pay close attention and "mirror" back what you hear rather than listening【C18】______ while thinking of other things or listening through filters,【C19】______ or expectations that limit or distort the message's【C20】______ meaning. We build trust when others know we understand and value them.
【C1】
A．result in
B．lead to
C．stem from
D．bring about
What gets in the way of accurate listening？ When we're worried about what we're hearing or might hear next or what we might have to do about what we hear, we may very well receive a【C9】______ message.【C10】______ that we will have to "fix it" or "control it" causes us to listen with "filters". We may want to express our own point of view. We may also want to avoid being【C11】______ or being drawn into a conflict, so we【C12】______ . what we hear, because we're already thinking about what we'll say next. It then becomes impossible to hear the speaker's true meaning. Clearly in our workplaces, families and friendship, if we【C13】______ what we think we heard instead of what was actually said, the【C14】______ of the message we received will result in responses that aren't【C15】______ . On the other side, if others don't hear us accurately, we won't feel valued.
If you want to connect with others and take appropriate actions, you must learn to listen with curiosity, empathy and a deep appreciation for the feelings, reality and creativity of another. You need to ask for【C16】______ and not【C17】______ conclusions. You need to pay close attention and "mirror" back what you hear rather than listening【C18】______ while thinking of other things or listening through filters,【C19】______ or expectations that limit or distort the message's【C20】______ meaning. We build trust when others know we understand and value them.
【C1】
A．result in
B．lead to
C．stem from
D．bring about
第6题
Whenever advertisers want you to stop thinking about the product and to start thinking about something bigger, better, or more attractive than the product, they use that very popular word "like". The word "like" is the advertiser’s equivalent of the magician’s use of misdirection. "Like" gets you to ignore the product and concentrate on the claim the advertiser is making about it. "For skin like peaches and cream" claims the ad for a skin cream. What is this ad really claiming？ It doesn’t say this cream will give you peaches-and-cream skin. There is no verb in this claim, so it doesn’t even mention using the product. How is skin ever like "peaches and cream" ？ Remember, ads must be read exactly according to the dictionary definition of words. This ad is making absolutely no promise for this skin cream. If you think this cream will give you soft, smooth, and youthful-looking skin, you are the one who has read the meaning into the ad.
The wine that claims "It’s like taking a trip to France" wants you to think about a romantic evening in Paris as you walk along the street after a wonderful meal in an intimate cart. Of course, you don’t really believe that a wine can take you to France, but the goal of the ad is to get you to think pleasant, romantic thoughts about France and not about how the wine tastes or how expensive it may be. That little word "like" has taken you away from crushed grapes into a world of your own imaginative making. Who knows, maybe the next time you buy wine, you'll think those pleasant thoughts when you see this brand of wine, and you'll buy it.
How about the most famous "like" claim of all, "Winston tastes good like a cigarette should"？ Ignoring the grammatical error here, you might want to know what this claim is saying. Whether a cigarette tastes good or bad is a subjective judgment because what tastes good to one per son may well taste horrible to another. There are many people who say that all cigarettes taste terrible, other people who say only some cigarettes taste all right, and still others who say all cigarettes taste good.
The word "like" in an ad often focuses the consumer’s attention on ______.
A．what the advertiser says about the product
B．what magic the product really possesses
C．why the advertiser promotes the product
D．why the product is as good as promised
The wine that claims "It’s like taking a trip to France" wants you to think about a romantic evening in Paris as you walk along the street after a wonderful meal in an intimate cart. Of course, you don’t really believe that a wine can take you to France, but the goal of the ad is to get you to think pleasant, romantic thoughts about France and not about how the wine tastes or how expensive it may be. That little word "like" has taken you away from crushed grapes into a world of your own imaginative making. Who knows, maybe the next time you buy wine, you'll think those pleasant thoughts when you see this brand of wine, and you'll buy it.
How about the most famous "like" claim of all, "Winston tastes good like a cigarette should"？ Ignoring the grammatical error here, you might want to know what this claim is saying. Whether a cigarette tastes good or bad is a subjective judgment because what tastes good to one per son may well taste horrible to another. There are many people who say that all cigarettes taste terrible, other people who say only some cigarettes taste all right, and still others who say all cigarettes taste good.
The word "like" in an ad often focuses the consumer’s attention on ______.
A．what the advertiser says about the product
B．what magic the product really possesses
C．why the advertiser promotes the product
D．why the product is as good as promised
第7题
Most human beings actually decide before they think. When any human being—executive, specialized expert, or person in the street—encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion, often within a matter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action？ Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how intelligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themselves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.
A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the part of the "losing" faction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing, the battle often doesn't end when the meeting ends. Anger, resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the decision later, or to reopen the debate at later meetings.
There is a better way. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, "It isn't who is right, but what is right, that counts."
The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology, the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it's possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never march.
The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although it isn't possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it's possible to organize the experts' information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group; it's a simple, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.
From the first paragraph we can learn that______.
A．executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the street
B．very few people decide before they think
C．those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do so
D．people tend to consider carefully before making decisions
A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the part of the "losing" faction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing, the battle often doesn't end when the meeting ends. Anger, resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the decision later, or to reopen the debate at later meetings.
There is a better way. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, "It isn't who is right, but what is right, that counts."
The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology, the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it's possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never march.
The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although it isn't possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it's possible to organize the experts' information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group; it's a simple, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.
From the first paragraph we can learn that______.
A．executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the street
B．very few people decide before they think
C．those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do so
D．people tend to consider carefully before making decisions
第8题
Hi, Joe, How are you？ I'm sitting on the balcony of my hotel. I am looking at Hyde Park in London and I am thinking about my life here. I am having a wonderful time. I like my job－it is very interest
Hi, Joe,
How are you？ I'm sitting on the balcony of my hotel. I am looking at Hyde Park in London and I am thinking about my life here. I am having a wonderful time. I like my job-it is very interesting, and my colleagues are great. I love London it's busy, noisy, crowded and exciting. The cinemas, theatres, pubs and restaurants are really nice, but they're too expensive! I think the people in London are very friendly (surprise!) and I've got some new friends.
What the weather like in Shanghai？ Is it raining？ Here it's lovely! It isn't foggy! The sun is shining and the birds are singing. It's very warm.
And it is my birthday today.
But I am missing you all in Shanghai. COME AND VISIT!
Love,
Xiaoyan
26. What does Xiaoyan stay in London for？
A. She is having a holiday.
B. She is working.
C. She is visiting some of her colleagues.
27. What are Xiaoyan's London colleagues like？
A. They are very important.
B. They are very serious.
C. They are very nice.
28. What does Xiaoyan think of London？
A. She thinks it is relaxed.
B. She thinks it is cheap.C. She thinks it is exciting.
29. What does Xiaoyan think of people in London？
A. She thinks they are interesting.
B. She thinks they are friendly.
C. She thinks they are surprising.
30. What's the weather like in London when Xiaoyan is writing this letter？
A. It is warm.
B. It is foggy.
C. It is cloudy.
第9题
Thousands of teachers at the elementary, secondary, and college levels can testify that their students' writing exhibits a tendency toward a superficiality that Wash't seen, say 10 or 15 years ago. It shows up not only in their lack of analytical skills, but in poor command of grammar and rhetoric. I've been asked by a graduate student what a semicolon is. The mechanics of the English language have been tortured to pieces by TV. Visual, moving images—which are the venue of television—can't be held in the net of careful language. They want to break out. They really have nothing to do with language, grammar, and rhetoric, and they have become fractured.
Recent surveys by dozens of organizations also suggest that up to 40% of the American public is functionally illiter- ate. That is, our citizens' reading and writing abilities, if they have any, are impaired so seriously as to render them, in that handy jargon of our times, dysfunctional. The reading is taught - TV teaches people not to read. It renders them incapable of engaging in an activity that now is perceived as strenuous, because it is not a passive hypnotized state.
Passive as it is, television has invaded our culture so completely that the medium's effects are evident in every quarter, even the literary world. It shows up in supermarket paperbacks, from Stephen King (who has a certain clever skill) to pulp fiction. These really are forms of verbal TV-literature that is so superficial that those who read it can revel in the same sensations they experience when watching television:
Even more importantly, the growing influence of television, Keman says, has changed people's habits and values and affected their assumptions about the world. The sort of reflective, critical, and value laden thinking encouraged by books has been rendered obsolete. In this context, we would do well to recall the Cyclops—the race of giants that, according to Greek myth, predated man.
Quite literally, TV affects the way people think. In Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television, Jerry Mander quotes from the Emery Report, prepared by the Center for Continuing Education at the Australian National University, Canberra, that, when we watch television, "our usual processes of thinking and discernment are semi-functional at best. "The study also argues that, "while television appears to have the potential to provide useful information to viewers-and is celebrated for its educational function—the technology of television and the inherent nature of the viewing experience actually inhibit learning as we usually think of it. "
The first paragraph implies_____.
A．10 or 15 years ago people seldom wrote
B．the English grammar and rhetoric can be taught on TV
C．thousands of teachers are reluctant to admit their students' inability to write
D．TV ruins students' ability to write
Recent surveys by dozens of organizations also suggest that up to 40% of the American public is functionally illiter- ate. That is, our citizens' reading and writing abilities, if they have any, are impaired so seriously as to render them, in that handy jargon of our times, dysfunctional. The reading is taught - TV teaches people not to read. It renders them incapable of engaging in an activity that now is perceived as strenuous, because it is not a passive hypnotized state.
Passive as it is, television has invaded our culture so completely that the medium's effects are evident in every quarter, even the literary world. It shows up in supermarket paperbacks, from Stephen King (who has a certain clever skill) to pulp fiction. These really are forms of verbal TV-literature that is so superficial that those who read it can revel in the same sensations they experience when watching television:
Even more importantly, the growing influence of television, Keman says, has changed people's habits and values and affected their assumptions about the world. The sort of reflective, critical, and value laden thinking encouraged by books has been rendered obsolete. In this context, we would do well to recall the Cyclops—the race of giants that, according to Greek myth, predated man.
Quite literally, TV affects the way people think. In Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television, Jerry Mander quotes from the Emery Report, prepared by the Center for Continuing Education at the Australian National University, Canberra, that, when we watch television, "our usual processes of thinking and discernment are semi-functional at best. "The study also argues that, "while television appears to have the potential to provide useful information to viewers-and is celebrated for its educational function—the technology of television and the inherent nature of the viewing experience actually inhibit learning as we usually think of it. "
The first paragraph implies_____.
A．10 or 15 years ago people seldom wrote
B．the English grammar and rhetoric can be taught on TV
C．thousands of teachers are reluctant to admit their students' inability to write
D．TV ruins students' ability to write
第10题
听力原文：W: Hi, Frank. What are you up to？ Is that really a French grammar book？M: Well, I
听力原文：W: Hi, Frank. What are you up to？ Is that really a French grammar book？
M: Well, I'm trying to teach myself some French. When I go to Montreal next semester, I don't want to sound like just another tourist. Most of the people there are bilingual.
W: Leave Boston to go to Montreal？ I didn't know this university had a program in Canada.
M: It doesn't. I'm planning to take a short leave of absence from school, so I can go there on my own.
W: What's the reason for this sudden interest in Canada？ M: Well, actually I've been thinking about going for some time now. I know someone there who's been wanting me to visit.
W: A relative？
M: An old friend of my uncle's runs a chemical engineering department there. So, I'm hoping he can help me enroll in some interesting courses.
W: If you want those credits transferred back here later on, you'd better arrange for it before you leave. Don't forget what happened to Susan after she came back from Rome.
M: Yeah, but her situation was different. I already have all the credits I need to graduate.
W: So you'll be taking courses just for the sake of learning.
M: That will be a nice change of pace, won't it？
What was Frank doing at the beginning of the conversation？
A．Planning a sightseeing tour.
B．Writing to his uncle.
C．Arranging his class schedule.
D．Looking through a language textbook.
请帮忙给出正确答案和分析，谢谢！
听力原文：W: Hi, Frank. What are you up to？ Is that really a French grammar book？
M: Well, I'm trying to teach myself some French. When I go to Montreal next semester, I don't want to sound like just another tourist. Most of the people there are bilingual.
W: Leave Boston to go to Montreal？ I didn't know this university had a program in Canada.
M: It doesn't. I'm planning to take a short leave of absence from school, so I can go there on my own.
W: What's the reason for this sudden interest in Canada？ M: Well, actually I've been thinking about going for some time now. I know someone there who's been wanting me to visit.
W: A relative？
M: An old friend of my uncle's runs a chemical engineering department there. So, I'm hoping he can help me enroll in some interesting courses.
W: If you want those credits transferred back here later on, you'd better arrange for it before you leave. Don't forget what happened to Susan after she came back from Rome.
M: Yeah, but her situation was different. I already have all the credits I need to graduate.
W: So you'll be taking courses just for the sake of learning.
M: That will be a nice change of pace, won't it？
What was Frank doing at the beginning of the conversation？
A．Planning a sightseeing tour.
B．Writing to his uncle.
C．Arranging his class schedule.
D．Looking through a language textbook.
请帮忙给出正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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